Rubia cordifolia L. Crude Aerial Part Extracts Show a High Potential as Antimalarials against Chloroquine Resistant Plasmodium falciparum Strains in vitro

Pharmacognosy Research,2023,15,2,288-296.DOI:10.5530/pres.15.2.031Published:February 2023Type:Original Article Authors:Magara Jeremiah, Lucy Kamau, Grace Nyambati, and Hastings Ozwara Author(s) affiliations:Magara Jeremiah1, Kamau1, 2,*, Nyambati3, Ozwara4 1Department of Zoological Sciences, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, KENYA. 2Department Animal 3Department Biomedical Sciences Technology, The Technical University Kenya, 4Department Tropical Infectious Diseases, Institute Primate Research, Abstract:Introduction: Plasmodium falciparum human malaria parasite is resistant to most available medicines in Africa, necessitating research for new drugs. Rubia cordifolia L. used traditional treatment Kenya despite no supporting scientific data. Objectives: To evaluate anti-plasmodial efficacy extracts from the aerial part against chloroquine sensitive (3D7) (W2) strains. Methods: Hexane, methanol water were separately crude extractions open shade dried plant parts. Phytochemical composition was determined qualitatively. Anti-plasmodial serial dilutions (range; 0.4 50 μg/ml) each extract evaluated vitro compared using ANOVA Tukey’s HSD test, at p<0.05). Results: All significantly inhibited parasites growth, a dose dependent manner. At μg/ml, inhibition (84.07%, 77.94% 66.08%) hexane, respectively W2 (80.06%, 78.36% 60.92%) 3D7 strain. Hexane showed IC50 0.551 μg/ml 2.747 micrograms/ml respectively. Methanol extract, 1.231 3.528 μ g/ml respectively, aqueous moderate activity, 5.348 17.341 strains Chloroquine (W2 strain) more responsive than Conclusion: activities order, Hexane>methanol>aqueous attributed phytochemicals present extracts. This presents evidence R. as anti-malarial drugs’ source. Further work required identify, purify, characterize active molecules development anti-malaria Keywords:Antimalarial Crude extracts, vitro, falciparum, cordifolia.View:PDF (236.96 KB)